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:''Not to be confused with William Abraham Bell, a contemporary who also worked as a photographer.'' William H. Bell (1830 – January 28, 1910) was an English-born American photographer, active primarily in the latter half of the 19th century. He is best remembered for his photographs documenting war-time diseases and combat injuries, many of which were published in the medical book, ''Medical and Surgical History of the War of the Rebellion'', as well as for his photographs of western landscapes taken as part of the Wheeler expedition in 1872.〔 In his later years, he wrote articles on the dry plate process and other techniques for various photography journals. ==Life== Bell was born in Liverpool, England, in 1830, but immigrated to the United States with his parents as a young child. After his parents were killed in a cholera epidemic, he was raised by a Quaker family in Abington, Pennsylvania, outside of Philadelphia.〔〔 In 1846, at the outbreak of the Mexican-American War, Bell traveled to Louisiana and joined the 6th Infantry.〔(William Bell obituary ), ''Philadelphia Public Ledger'', 30 January 1910. Retrieved from the National Museum of Health and Medicine online database, 4 April 2012.〕 After the end of the war in 1848, Bell returned to Philadelphia, and joined the daguerreotype studio of his brother-in-law, John Keenan.〔Barbara Mayo Wells, "(William W. Bell, 1830 – 1910 )," Luminous-Lint.com. Retrieved: 5 April 2012.〕 In 1852, he opened his own studio on Chestnut Street, and would operate or co-manage a photographic studio in downtown Philadelphia for much of the remainder of his life.〔 In 1862, following the outbreak of the Civil War, Bell enlisted in the First Regiment, Pennsylvania Volunteers,〔(William Bell obituary ), ''Philadelphia Inquirer'', 30 January 1910. Retrieved from the National Museum of Health and Medicine online database, 4 April 2012.〕 and saw action the battles of Antietam and Gettysburg.〔 After the war, Bell joined the Army Medical Museum (now the National Museum of Health and Medicine) in Washington, D.C., as its chief photographer.〔 He spent much of 1865 making photographs of soldiers with various diseases, wounds, and amputations, many of which were published in the book, ''Medical and Surgical History of the War of the Rebellion''. He also took portraits of dignitaries visiting the museum, and photographed Civil War battlefields.〔 In 1867, he returned to Philadelphia, where he purchased the studio of James McClees.〔 In 1872, Bell joined George Wheeler's survey expedition, which was tasked with surveying American lands west of the 100th meridian, as a replacement for photographer Timothy H. O'Sullivan.〔 As part of the expedition, he captured numerous large format and stereographic landscapes of relatively unexplored areas of the Colorado River basin in Utah and Arizona.〔 While on the expedition, he experimented with the dry plate process, for which he would eventually become an expert.〔 After the expedition, Bell returned to his studio in Philadelphia, and exhibited his work at the city's 1876 Centennial Exposition. Following the exposition, he sold his Chestnut Street studio to his son-in-law, William H. Rau. In 1882, Bell was hired by the U.S. Navy as a photographer for its Transit of Venus expedition.〔 En route to Patagonia, where the Transit was observed, Bell captured a series of photographs of the Rio de Janeiro Botanical Garden in Brazil. Bell spent most of his later years doing studio work and writing technical articles for journals such as ''Photographic Mosaics'' and the ''Philadelphia Photographer'', though he traveled to Europe in 1892 to photograph paintings for the Columbia World's Fair.〔 He died at his home on Boston Avenue in Philadelphia on January 28, 1910, after a long illness.〔 Along with his son-in-law, William Rau, Bell's son, Sargent, and daughter, Louisa, were avid photographers.〔〔 His son, Henry, was an engraver.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「William Bell (photographer)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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